第58届Intel ISEF中国参赛项目：日本医蛭Hirudo nipponia趋食性行为及植物驱避

湖南省娄底市一中  高三  谢立言

学科：动物学

    日本医蛭是水田中叮咬人和家畜、吸食血液、传播疾病的一种无脊椎动物，属环节动物门。通过研究它的趋食性行为，并在此基础上筛选有驱避作用的植物，为制作经济实用的植物源驱避剂打下基础，这是本论文的中心内容。通过室内饲养与实验测定发现，引起日本医蛭寻觅寄主并向之运动的因素，有水波、体温（温源）、血液，排除了水响招引日本医蛭觅食的说法。从当地植物资源中筛选出茶枯饼、大蒜、辣蓼草、烟叶、烟杆等制作植物浸泡液，经过测定日本医蛭对这些植物浸泡液的驱避反应时间，分析比较各个植物及它们之间驱避率变化，证明茶枯饼、烟叶和烟杆为阻断日本医蛭叮咬人和家畜的理想资源，兼具驱避效果好、经济、绿色环保等优点。

Trophotaxis Behaviors of Hirudo nipponia and their Use in Selecting Vegetal Repellents

Animal Sciences

Xie liyan 17, The First Senior Middle School of Loudi

The Japanese leech Hirudo nipponia is an invertebrate species living in paddyfields; its development and reproduction depend no biting human and domestic animals and sucking their blood, and it is thus responsible for the spreading of many human and animal diseases. The study focused on its behavior ecology; trophotaxis reactions to different plant macerating solutions were observed so that to find out the best repellent against Hirudo nipponi. The study also found that water wave, animal body temperature and blood smell exhibited obvious attraction to Hirudo nipponia, but sound itself did not. For different plant macerating solutions, Camellia oleifera, Allium satioum. Polygonum flaccidum, and Nicotiana tabacum (leaf and stalk) were selected and tested. Camellia oleifera and Nicotiana tabacum (leaf and stalk) were proved to be best candidates as repellents against Hirudo nipponia. They are economical, practical and environment friendly.